Model Project on Poultry Broiler Farming

1. Why do broiler farming ?

Poultry meat is an important source of high quality proteins, minerals and vitamins to balance the human diet. Specially developed breeds of chicken meat (broiler) are now available with the ability of quick growth and high feed conversion efficiency. Depending on the farm size, broiler farming can be a main source of family income or can provide subsidiary income and gainful employment to farmers throughout the year. Poultry manure has high fertilizer value and can be used for increasing yield of all crops.

i)               The advantages of broiler farming are
ii)              Initial investment is a little lower than layer farming
iii)            Rearing period is 6-7 weeks only
iv)            More number of flocks can be taken in the same shed
v)             Broilers have high feed conversion efficiency i.e. least amount of feed is required for unit body weight gain in comparison to other livestock.
vi)            Faster return from the investment
vii)          Demand for poultry meat is more compared to sheep/Goat meat

2. Scope for broiler farming and its national importance

India has made considerable progress in broiler production in the last two decades. High quality chicks, equipments, vaccines and medicines are available. Technically and professionally competent guidance is available to the farmers. The management practices have improved and disease and mortality incidences are much reduced. Many institutions are providing training to entrepreneurs. The broiler population has increased from 4 million in 1971 to 700 million in 1998. An average annual growth rate of 20% was estimated during the eighth five year plan (1992-1997). Increasing assistance from the Central/ State governments and poultry corporations is being given to create infrastructure facilities so that new entrepreneurs take up this business. Broiler farming has been given considerable importance in the national policy and has a good scope for further development in the years to come.

3. Financial assistance available from Banks/NABARD for broiler farming

3.1 NABARD is an apex institution for all matters relating to policy, planning and operations in the field of agricultural credit. It serves as an apex refinancing agency for the institutions providing investment and production credit. It promotes development through formulation and appraisal of projects through a well organised technical services department at the Head Office and technical cells at each of the Regional Offices.

3.2 Loan from banks with refinance facility from NABARD is available for starting broiler farming. For obtaining bank loan, the farmer should apply to the nearest branch of a commercial or cooperative or regional rural bank in their area in the prescribed application form which is available in the branches of financing bank. The technical officers attached to or the manager of the bank can help or give guidance to the farmers in preparing the project report to obtain bank loan.

3.3 For poultry farming schemes with very large outlays detailed project reports are required to be prepared. The items of finance would include construction of broiler sheds and purchase of equipments. Cost of one day old chicks, feed, medicine and labour cost for the first 7 weeks period for the first cycle, are also considered. Facilities such as land development cost, fencing, water and electricity, essential servants quarters, godowns, transport vehicles, broiler dressing, processing and cold storage facilities can also be considered for providing loan. Cost of land is not considered for loan. However, if land is purchased for starting a broiler farm, its cost can be treated as party's margin money upto 10% of the total cost of project.

4. Scheme formulation for bank loan

4.1 A scheme can be prepared by the beneficiary after consulting local technical persons of State veterinary department, poultry corporation or private commercial broiler hatcheries. If possible, they should also visit the progressive broiler farmers in the area and discuss the profitability of farming. A good practical training and experience on a broiler farm will be highly desirable, before starting a broiler farm. As broilers have to be sold after attaining 6-7 weeks of age, a regular and constant demand for broiler meat and nearness of the farm to the market should be ensured.

4.2 The scheme should include information on land, water and electricity facility, marketing aspects, training facilities and expertise of entrepreneurs and the type of assistance available from State government, poultry corporations, local hatcheries. It will also include data on proposed capacity of the farm, total cost of the project, margin money to be provided by beneficiary and requirement of bank loans, estimated annual expenditure, income and profit and the repayment of loan and interest. A format developed for formulation of broiler farming schemes is appended as annexure I.

5. Requirements of good project

The bank officers also can assist in preparation of the scheme or filling in the prescribed application form. The scheme so formulated should be submitted to the nearest branch of bank.

The bank will then examine the scheme for technical feasibility and economic viability.

 A. Technical feasibility - this would briefly include :

(a)           Suitability of climate and potentiality of the area
(b)          Technical norms including schedule for replacement of flocks
(c)           Facilities and infrastructure available for supply of inputs, veterinary aid,marketing, training/experience of the beneficiary

B. Financial viability - this would briefly include :

(a)      Unit cost and loan requirement
(b)      Input costs for chicks, feed, veterinary aid, labour and other overheads
(c)      Output costs i.e. sale of broiler for meat, manure and other miscellaneous items.
(d)      Calculation of annual gross surplus (income-expenditure)
(e)      Cash flow analysis
(f)        Repayment schedule i.e. repayment of principal loan amount and interest

Other documents such as loan application forms, security aspects, margin money requirements etc. are also examined. A field visit to scheme area is undertaken for conducting techno-economic feasibility study for appraisal of the scheme. The model economics of Broiler farming unit of 4000 birds is given in Annexure IIa to IIf.

6. Sanction of Bank loan and its disbursement

After ensuring technical feasibility and financial viability, the scheme is sanctioned by the bank. The loan is disbursed in kind in 2 or 3 stages, such as against the creation of specific assets, construction of sheds, purchase of equipment and machinery, recurring cost on purchase of chicks, feeds, medicines, etc. The end use of the loan is verified and constant follow up is done by the bank.

7. Lending terms - General:

7.1 Unit cost :

Each Regional Office (RO) of NABARD has constituted a State Level Unit Cost Committee under the chairmanship of RO-in-charge and with the members from developmental agencies, commercial banks and co-operative banks to review the unit cost of various investments once in six months. The same is circulated among the banks for their guidance. These costs are only indicative in nature and banks are free to finance any amount depending upon the quality of investment.

7.2 Margin Money :
NABARD has defined farmers into three different categories and where subsidy is not available the minimum down payment as shown below is collected from the beneficiaries.

Sr. No.	Category of Farmer	Beneficiary's Contribution
a)	Small farmers	5%
b)	Medium farmers	10%
c)	Large farmers	15%

7.3 Interest Rate:
Banks are free to decide the interest rates within overall RBIguidelines. However, for working out financial viability and bankability of model project, we have assumed rate of interest as 12% p.a. 
7.4 Security:

Security will be as per NABARD/RBI guidelines issued from time to time.
7.5 Repayment of loan :
The loan repayment is determined, on the basis of gross surplus generated in the scheme. Usually the repayment period of loan for broiler farming is 5-6 years.
7.6 Insurance :
The birds and other assets (poultry sheds, equipment) may be insured.Whereever necessary Risk/Mortality fund may be considered in lieu of poultry insurance.
8. Package of Common Management Practices recommended for poultry farmers
Modern and well established scientific practices should be used to obtain maximum economic benefits from poultry farming. Some of the major norms and recommended practices are given below :
Poultry Housing :

1. Select well raised land for poultry sheds. Land with hard rock or murram is more suitable. Avoid water logging and flooding near the sheds.
2.  Ensure adequate facility for water, electricity, approach road, supply of chicks, feed, veterinary aid and nearness to market for sale of live birds and dressed chicken.
3. Obtain training/experience in broiler farming before starting a farm. You should be prepared to stay on the farm and have constant supervision.
4. Provide adequate floor space, feeding space and watering space per bird (see details in Annexure III). BIS specifications for construction of poultry sheds are available.
5. Construct sheds in such a way that the end walls face East-West direction and the side walls face North-South direction, so that rain water will not enter the sheds.
6. Provide strong roof and hard flooring. Raise plinth of the shed at least one feet above the outside ground level.
7. Provide 3 to 4 feet overhang of the roof to avoid entry of rainwater inside the shed.
8. Provide at least 50 feet distance between two sheds.
9. Provide adequate light and ventilation and comfortable housing conditions during all seasons (cool in summer and warm in winter).
   Construct sheds in such a way that predators (cats/dogs/snakes) will not enter the shed. Avoid entry of rats by constructing rat proof civil structures.
10. Keep the shed clean and free from flies/mosquitoes etc.
11. After disposal of every batch of birds the dirty litter material and manure should be removed, walls and floors should be cleaned, white washed with lime and disinfected with 0.5% malathion or DDT insecticide spray.
12. If deep litter system is followed, always use dry and clean litter material (sawdust, paddy husk, etc.). Spread 4" layer of litter on the floor, keep clean/disinfect brooding, feeding and watering equipment and then introduce chicks in the house.
13. The litter material should be always kept loose and dry. Stir the litter twice a week. Any wet litter/droppings etc. should be removed and replaced with fresh/clean dry litter.

Poultry Equipment :
15.     Use scientifically designed cages and equipment for brooding, feeding and watering purposes. BIS specifications for equipment are available. A good design can be shown and manufactured locally, so that cost can be reduced.
Chicks :
16.     Purchase of improved strain of one day old healthy broiler type chicks from a reputed hatchery. Usually 2-5% extra chicks are supplied.
17.     Clean, wash and disinfect all equipments with 0.5% malathion spray after every batch of birds is disposed off.
Feeding :
18.     Use high quality balanced feeds. With proper knowledge/experience, the feed can be prepared at the farm. Feed requirements of birds are shown in Annexure IV. BIS feed formulae and specifications are available. Composition of some of the practical broiler diets is given in annexure V.
19.     Store the feed in clean, dry, well ventilated room. A wet feed may bring fungus infection.
20.     Use properly designed feeders and control the rats to avoid feed wastage.
21.     Keep proper records on feed consumption per bird for each batch. Compare with the standard feed consumption pattern. Too low feed consumption may be due to disease condition, low quality/unpalatability of feed, high temperature in poultry shed.
Watering of Birds :
22.     Always give fresh and clean drinking water. Water should be always available at birds.
23.     Use properly designed watering equipment. Provide adequate watering space per bird (for details see Annexure - III).
24.     Always keep water-pots clean. Avoid birds entering inside pots.
25.     Provide cool water during summer. Store the water in tanks that are not exposed to hot sun in summer.
Disease Prevention/Control :
26.     Clean sanitary conditions of poultry sheds and equipment, balanced feed, fresh clean water, healthy chicks are essential to prevent diseases.
27.     Avoid entry of visitors to farm, especially inside the sheds. If visitors come, ask them to dip their feet in a disinfectant solution, wash and clean hands and to wear apron/boots provided by the farm.
28.     Use proper vaccination schedule (for details see Annexure-VI)
29.     Use high quality vaccines purchased from reputed manufacturers. Keep vaccines in cool, dry conditions away from sunlight.
30.     Any left-over vaccine should be properly disposed off. Vaccines should not be used after their expiry date is over.
31.     Any dead bird should be immediately removed from the shed and sent to laboratory for post-mortem or buried/burnt suitably away from the poultry sheds.
32.     The waste of farm should be suitably disposed off.
33.     Any bird showing advanced signs of a disease, should be removed from the shed and culled. It can be sent to laboratory for diagnosis.
34.     Birds showing advanced signs of a disease should be shown to a qualified veterinarian and suitable medication/treatment be given as per his/drug manufacturers recommendations.
35.     Poultry manure, if infected, can spread disease, from one batch to another. Keep the litter dry, remove it after flock is sold and dispose the manure properly and quickly.
36.     Keep proper records on mortality and its causes and the treatment given to birds. Dates of vaccination for each flock should be properly recorded.
37.     Rats are important carriers of poultry disease. Avoid rats. Use suitable rat poisons/rat traps.
38.     Many poultry medicines can be given in drinking water. When medication is to be given, remove the waterers in poultry sheds on the previous evening. Next morning give medicine in measured quantity of water, so that entire medicine will be quickly consumed and there will be no wastage of medicines.
39.     Mild infection of disease may not cause mortality but it will reduce growth. Keep sample record of body weight and mortality rate. Study the possible causes, if weight is low take steps to improve the management of the subsequent batches. A Constant vigil and analysis of records/results is necessary to keep up the efficiency in farming.
Processing/Marketing :
40.     Ensure the constant and steady demand for broiler meat is available and the market is nearer to the farm.
41.     Study the market demand for particular live weight of the birds.
42.     Birds should not be kept on the farm beyond 6-7 weeks of age, as their feed efficiency will go down considerably.
43.     If birds are sold after dressing (processing) use clean dressing hall and processing equipment. Dressed birds should be chilled in the ice-cold water for 3-4 hours and excess water removed. Birds should then be packed in clean plastic bags and the mouth of bag sealed.
44.     Processed birds should be marketed as early as possible. If they have to be preserved, deep freezing equipment (-10 to -200C) be used. Refrigerated vans may be required for long distance transportation.
 

Annexure I

Format for submission of schemes Scheme: Poultry - Broiler Farming

1. General
i)               Name of the sponsoring bank
ii)              Address of the controlling office sponsoring the scheme
iii)            Nature and objectives of the proposed scheme
iv)            Details of proposed investments:

Sr.No.	Investment	No. of units
a)
b)
c)

v)             Specification of the scheme area (Name of District & Block/s)

Sr.No.	District	Block

vi) Names of the financing bank's branches:
vii) Status of beneficiary/ies' (Individual)/Partnership/Company/Corporation/Co-operative/Others
viii) In case of area based schemes, coverage of borrowers
in weaker sections (landless labourers, small, medium & large farmers as per NABARD's norms, SC/ST, etc.)
ix) Details of borrowers profile (Not applicable to area based schemes)
(a) Capability
(b) Experience
(c) Financial soundness
(d) Technical/Other special Qualifications
(e) Technical/Managerial Staff and adequacy thereof
2. TECHNICAL ASPECTS:
a) Location, Land and Land Development:
i) Location details of the project
ii) Total Area of land and it's cost
iii) Site map
iv) Particulars of land development, fencing, gates etc.
b) Civil Structures:
Detailed cost estimates along with measurements of various civil structures
- Broiler Sheds
- Store room
- Dressing room
- Office room
- Quarters for staff
- Others
c) Equipment/Plant and machinery:
(i) Feeders
(ii) Waterers
(iii) Generator
(iv) Feed grinder and mixer
(v) Debeaker
(vi) Vaccinator
(vii) Fridge/Deep Freezer
(viii) Dressing equipment if necessary
(ix) Truck/van/Jeep
(Price quotations for the above equipments)
d) Housing:
i) Type of housing Deep Litter/Slat/Environment controlled
ii) Area required (sft./bird)
e) Birds:
i) Proposed strain
ii) No.of birds to be purchased
iii) Source of purchase
iv) Cost of birds (Rs. per bird)
v) Vaccination of purchased birds
vi) Proposed programmeof replacement
f) Production parameters:
i) Average body weight (kg.)
ii) Feed efficiency (kg. of feed/ kg.body weight gain)
iii) Mortality (%)
g) Flock Projection Chart:
h) Feeding:
i) Source of availability - Purchased or own feed manufacturing
ii) If purchased
a) Place of purchase
b) Brand
c) Cost (Rs./kg)
- Starter
- Finisher
iii) If manufactured on farm
a) Capacity of feed grinder and mixer
b) Source of raw materials
c) Feed formula
d) Cost of production (Rs./kg)
- Starter
- Finisher
iv) Requirement (kg/bird)
- Starter
- Finisher
i) Veterinary aid
i) Source
ii) Location
iii) Distance (km.)
iv) Availability of staff
v) Type of facilities available
vi) If own arrangements are made
a) Employed a verterinary doctor/stock man /consultant
b) Periodicity of visit
c) Amount paid (Rs.)

vii) Expenditure per bird per cycle (Rs.)
j) Electricity
i) Source SEB/Other
ii) Approval from electricity board
iii) Connected load
iv) Problems of power failure
v) Arrangements for generator
k) Water
i) Source
ii) Quality of water
iii) Availability of sufficient quantity for drinking and cleaning
iv) If investment has to be made type of strcture design and cost

l) Marketing of broilers
i) Source of sale
ii) Place of disposal
iii) Distance (km)
iv) Basis of payment (number or weight)
v) Price realised - (Rs. per kg live weight or live bird)
vi) Periodicity of payment

m) Marketing of other products
i) Manure - Qty./bird, price per unit (Rs./Ql)
ii) Empty gunny bags - Number and cost/bag
n) Beneficiary's experience
o) Comments on technical feasibility
p) Government restrictions, if any
3. FINANCIAL ASPECTS :
i) Unit Cost :

Sr.No.	Name of Investment	Physical unit and specification	Unit cost with component wise break-up (Rs.)	Whether approved by state level unit cost committee
			Total

ii) Down payment/margin/subsidy (Indicate source & extent of subsidy)
iii) Year - wise physical & financial programme.

Year	Invest- ment	Physical units (Rs.)	Unit cost (Rs.)	Total outlay (Rs.)	Margin/ subsidy (Rs.)	Bank Loan (Rs.)	Refinance assistance (Rs.)
1	2	3	4	4	5	6	7
Total

iv) Financial viability ( comment on the cash flow projection on a farm model / unit and enclose the same ) Particulars :
a) Internal Rate of Return (IRR):
b) Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) :
c) Net Present Worth (NPW) :
v) Financial position of the borrowers (to be furnished in case of corporate bodies/partnership firms)
a) Profitability ratio
i) Gross Profit ratio
ii) Net Profit ratio
b) Debt equity ratio

c)Whether Income tax & other tax obligations
are paid upto date
d) Whether audit is upto date (enclose copies of audited
financial statements for the last three years)
vi) Lending Terms :
i) Rate of interest
ii) Grace period
iii)Repayment period
iv) Nature of Security
v) Availability of Government guarantee wherever necessary
4. INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES:
a) Availability of technical staff with bank/implementing
authority for monitoring
b) Details of
i) technical guidance
ii) training facilities
iii) Govt support/ extention support
c) Tie-up arrangements with marketing agencies for loan recovery :
d) Insurance :
Type of policy
Periodicity
Rate of premium
 Annexure IIa
 Economics of Broiler Farming - at a Glance
1. Unit Size : 500 broiler birds per week
2. System of rearing : Deep litter system
3. State : Karnataka
4. Unit cost (Rs.) : 754926
5. Bank loan (Rs.) : 566195
6. Margin money (Rs.) :188732
7. Repayment period : 6 years with six months
grace period
8. Interest rate (%) : 12
9. BCR at 15% DF : 1.823
10. NPW at 15% DF (Rs.) : 2616766
11. IRR (%) : × 40
Annexure - II b
ECONOMICS OF BROILER FARMING - INVESTMENT COST

Sr. No	Particulars	Specifications	Physical Units	Unit cost(Rs./ Unit)	Total cost (Rs.)
1	Sheds and other structures
	a) Broiler sheds (8 sheds)	1 sft. per bird(DL)	4000 sft.	90	360,000
	b) Store room		200 sft	100	20,000
	c)Labour quarter		150 sft	100	15,000
	d) Slaughter room		100 sft	90	9,000
	e) Fencing	Barbed wire	750 rft	20	15000
2	Water supply system
	a) Digging and construction of well	13'dia x33'depth	1 Ls	20000	20,000
	b) Water tank		5000 litres	2	10,000
	c) 3 HP electric motor/pumpset and other accessories and pipeline etc.		1 Ls	12000	12,000
	d) Electrical installation/equipment		4% of civil costs		16160
3	Equipments
	a) Feeders and waterers		4000 birds	12	48000
	b) Dressing equipment		Ls		10,000
4	Capitalisation of recurring expenses for first 8 batches
	a) Chick cost		4000 DOCs	13	52,000
	b) Feed cost for 4080 birds	3.2 kg/bird	13056 kg	11	143616
	c) Overheads such as cost of, Medicines, vaccine, insurance, litter	Rs.5.00/bird	4080 birds	5	20,400
	d) Labour cost	3 months	1250	3	3750
5	Total financial outlay (TFO)				754926
6	Margin money @ 25% of TFO			Say	188732
7	Bank loan @ 75% of TFO			Say	566195

Annexure - II c
ECONOMICS OF BROILER FARMING - TECHNO - ECONOMIC PARAMETERS

1	No. of birds (per week)	500
2	Rearing period (weeks)
3	No. of batches per cycle	8
4	No. of batches introduced:
	I year (on considering 3 months construction period)	40
	II year onwards	52
5	No. of batches sold:
	I year (on considering construction period + rearing period)	33
	II year on wards	52
6	Space requirement per bird (s.ft.)	1
7	Cost of construction of shed (Rs./s.ft.)	90
8	Store room (s.ft.)	200
9	Cost of construction of store room (Rs./s.ft.)	100
10	Labour quarters (s.ft.)	150
11	Cost of construction of labour room (Rs./s.ft.)	100
12	Slaughter room (s.ft.)	100
13	Cost of construction of slaughter room (Rs. s.ft.)	100
14	Barbed wire fencing (Rs.rft.)	750
15	Cost of fencing (Rs./rft)	20
16	Cost of electrification (as % of civil costs)	4
17	Equipment cost (Rs./bird)	15
18	Mortality in 6-7 weeks (%)	4
19	Cost of DOCs (Rs./chick)	13
20	Supply of free chicks (%)	4
21	Feed requirement (kg./bird)	3.2
22	Feed cost (Rs./kg)	11
23	Expenditure on labour (Rs. per month) one labourer)	1250
24	Over heads cost (Cost of medicines, vaccine, insurance litter etc.) (Rs./bird)	8
25	Average body wt. of birds (Kg./bird)	1.5
26	Price of broilers (Rs./kg. body weight)	40
27	Sale price of bird (Rs./bird)	60
28	Income from manure (Rs. per bird)	1
29	No. of gunny bags (per ton of feed)	13.3
30	Income from gunny bags (Rs./bag)	10
31	Depreciation on sheds (%)	5
32	Depreciation on equipment (%)	10
33	Margin money (%)	25
34	Interest rate (%)	12
35	Repayment period (years)	6
36	Grace period (years)	0.5
37	Construction period ((months)	3
38	Rest period for broiler sheds (days)	7-10

 
Annexure - II d
ECONOMICS OF BROILER FARMING - FLOCK PROJECTION CHART

Year	No. of batches introduced	No. of batches sold
I	40	33
II	52	52
III	52	52
IV	52	52
V	52	52
VI	52	52

Note:
1) Initial period for three months, is considered as construction period and accordingly
only 40 batches will be introduced in first year.
2) Closing stock of 7 batches with an average age of 4 weeks will be there at
the end of sixth year and the value of the same is taken into account for
cash flow analysis.
3) The average value of the closing stock is considered at Rs. 35/- per bird.
Annexure - II e
ECONOMICS OF BROILER FARMING - CASH FLOW ANALYSIS

Sr. No	Particulars	I	II-V	VI
I	Costs:
1	Capital cost:*	535160	0	0	0
2	Recurring costs:
a)	Cost of chicks	260,000	3380000	3380000
b)	Cost of feed	718080	933504	933504
c)	Misc. expenses	95,110	132000	132,000
d)	Labour cost	15000	15000	15000
	Total Costs	1623350	1418504	1418504
II	Benefits
1	Sale of birds	990000	1560000	1560000
2	Sale of manure	16500	26000	13,000
3	Sale of gunny bags	8122	11286	11286
4	Depreciated value of
a)	Sheds	0	0	296977
b)	Equipment (including water supply equipment)	0	0	59074
5	Value of closing stock	0	0	122500
6	Total Benefits	1014622	1597286	2075838
	Net Benefits	-608728	178782	178782
7	NPV
a)	Cost	5546430.80
b)	Benifits	5745128.16
c)	NPW	198718
8	BCR	01: 01.1
9	IRR	>27%

* Excluding the capitalised amount on chicks, feed, Misc. exp. and labour cost
Annexure - II f
ECONOMICS OF BROILER FARMING -
REPAYMENT SCHEDULE
Bank loan (Rs.) : 566195
Interest rate :12 %

(Rupees)

Year	Income	Expenses	Gross surplus	Loan Balance	Interest	Repayment Int.	Repayment Pri.	Net surplus
I	1014622	868424 *	146198	566195	67944	67944	0	78255
II	1597286	1418504	178872	566195	67944	67944	66195	44642
III	1597286	1418504	178872	500000	60000	60000	75000	43782
IV	1597286	1418504	178872	425000	51000	51000	80000	47782
V	1597286	1418504	178872	345000	41400	41400	100000	37382
VI	1597286	1418504	178872	245000	29400	29400	125000	24382
VII	1597286	1418504	178872	120000	14400	14400	120000	44382

* During the first year it is the difference between the total costs and total project cost
Note : Average loan period in first year is considered as 10 months for working out interest amount.
Annexure - III
Floor space, Feeding space and watering space data
for Broiler Chicks

Age weeks	Floor space Sq.ft./Chick	Feeding space inches/chick	Watering space inches/chick
1	0.2	1.5	0.5
2	0.2	2.0	0.7
3	0.3	2.0	0.7
4	0.4	2.5	0.8
5	0.6	2.5	0.8
6	0.8	3.0	1.0
7	0.9	3.0	1.0

Annexure - IV
Body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion of broiler chicks

Age		Body weight & gain (kgs)		Feed consumption(kgs)		Feed conversion
Weeks	Days	Average weight	Weekly gain	Weekly	Cummulative	Weekly	Cummulative
1	7	0.17	-	0.1	0.1	0.81	0.81
2	14	0.28	0.15	0.23	0.34	1.53	1.21
3	21	0.48	0.2	0.34	0.67	1.64	1.4
4	28	0.73	0.25	0.47	1.14	1.93	1.50
5	35	1.00	0.29	0.63	1.77	2.16	1.77
6	42	1.32	0.33	0.74	2.51	2.26	1.89
7	49	1.66	0.33	0.82	3.32	2.47	2.01

Annexure V
Composition of Broiler diets

	Formulations
Ingredients
	1	2	3	4
Maize	51	58.5	47.5	53.25
Wheat bran	10	2.5	7.75	--
Groundnut cake	25.2	25	29.4	29.4
Fish Meal	10.8	11	12.6	12.6
Dicalcium Phosphate	1	1	1	1
Lime Stone	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.25
Salt	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Premix*	1	1	1	1
	100	100	100	100
Crude protein %	22.1	22	24	24
ME. ICal/Kg.diet	2,800	3,000	2,800	3,000

* Premix added per 100 kg feed.

Vitamin (gm)		Vitabland (A1B2D3)	25
		Folic acid	0.1
		Vit.E	4
		Niacin	10
		Pyridoxine	1
		Choline Chloride	30
Mineral (gm)		Ferrous sulphate	20
		Zinc Sulphate	25
		Copper sulphate	25
		Manganese Sulphate	25
		Potassium iodate	0.1
Amino acid (gm)		L-lysine hydrochloride	220
		DL - Methionine	160

Annexure VI
Vaccination Schedule for Broilers

Name of disease	Name of Vaccination	Days/weeks of vaccination	Route of inoculation	Remarks
Marek's disease	Herpes virus turkey vaccination	1 day old	Sub cutaneous	Life long immunity
Ranikhet disease	RD vaccine (Lasota 'F` strain)	4-7 days old	Intra-nasal Intra-ocular	Immunity is up to 10 weeks old
Fowl pox	Chick embryo adopted fowl	6-8 weeks of age	Wing web method	If the disease is prevalent in the area. Once vaccinated gives life long immunity.

During chick rearing the disease most likely to occur is coccidiosis. Its organisms thrive on wet litter and so keep the litter dry. The feed mixed with coccidiosis should be used. In case of an outbreak, the Coccidiocidal drug in drinking water should be used at recommended level.